| 1. Abraham and the Child of Sacrifice: Isaac or Ishmael? |
| Deconstruction of the extra-Koranic Muslim tradition that Ishmael, not his brother, was the intended sacrifice of Genesis. |
| http://answering-islam.org/Shamoun/sacrifice.... |
| 2. Catholic Encyclopedia: Ismael |
| Commentary on the spurned son of Abraham from the traditional Catholic perspective. |
| http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/08192a.htm |
| 3. Comparative Index to Islam: Ishmael |
| Highlights differences between Islamic and Christian beliefs about the illegitimate son of Abraham. |
| http://answering-islam.org/Index/I/ishmael.ht... |
| 4. Concerning Ismael The Son Of Abraham |
| Chapter on Abraham's illegitimate son by the first-century Jewish historian Josephus. |
| http://www.interhack.net/projects/library/ant... |
| 5. Ishmael |
| Biblical biography of the wicked son of Abraham from a general Christian perspective. |
| http://www.execulink.com/~wblank/ishmael.htm |
| 6. Ishmael |
| Profile of the son of Abraham from a joint Lutheran and Catholic bible study project. |
| http://www.aboutbibleprophecy.com/p141.htm |
